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The Belarusian People's Republic ((ベラルーシ語:Белару́ская Наро́дная Рэспу́бліка), (:bʲeɫaˈruskaja naˈrodnaja rɛsˈpublʲika), transliterated as ''Bielaruskaja Narodnaja Respublika'', BNR), historically referred to as the White Ruthenian Democratic Republic ((ドイツ語:Weißruthenische Volksrepublik);〔Файл:Passport of BNR.jpg〕 (フランス語:République Démocratique de la Ruthénie Blanche)) was a failed attempt to create a Belarusian state that declared independence in 1918. It was founded on March 25, 1918 in Minsk and replaced by a Communist government on January 5, 1919. It is also known as the "Belarusian Democratic Republic". It ceased to exist when Minsk was captured by the forces of Bolshevik Russia and the Byelorussian SSR was founded in Minsk to replace it.〔 Authorities of the BNR later formed a government in exile. As of 2014, the Rada (Council) of the Belarusian People's Republic is the oldest existing government in exile (see Government in exile#Current governments in exile). == History == The Belarusian People's Republic was declared during World War I on March 25, 1918, when Belarus was occupied by the Germans according to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. After the 1917 February Revolution in Russia, active discussions started in Belarus about either gaining autonomy within the new democratic Russia or declaring independence. Representatives of most Belarusian regions and of different (mostly left-wing) political powers, including the Belarusian Socialist Assembly, the Christian democratic movement and the General Jewish Labour Bund, formed a Belarusian National Council in late 1917. The Council started working on establishing Belarusian governmental institutions. Both the Bolsheviks and Germans refused to recognize it and interfered in its activity. However, the Germans saw an independent Belarus as part of the implementation of their plan for buffer states within Mitteleuropa. The Bolsheviks had negotiations with the Belarusian Democratic Republic regarding an eventual recognition, but later decided instead to establish a Soviet puppet government of Belarus - the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus. Parallel with negotiations that started between the Germans and Bolsheviks, the Belarusian Council started actively demanding recognition of an autonomous status for Belarus, with continuing internal discussions on whether it should become an autonomy within Russia or declare national independence. In its First Constituent Charter, passed on February 21, 1918, the Belarusian Council declared itself the only legitimate power in the territory of Belarus. On March 9, following the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk between the Germans and Bolsheviks, the Belarusian Council issued a Second Charter where it declared the establishment of the Belarusian People's Republic. The Belarusian Council became the provisional government of Belarus and was renamed the Council of the Belarusian People's Republic. On March 25, 1918, the Council issued a third charter declaring the independence of Belarus. Following that, local meetings were held within Belarusian cities that issued resolutions supporting the creation of an independent republic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Belarusian People's Republic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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